Tauroursodeoxycholic Acid (Sodium Salt)

Tauroursodeoxycholic acid is an endogenous hydrophilic bile and exhibits both anti-apoptotic and neuroprotective properties. It protects against cell death by attenuating endoplasmic reticulum stress, inhibiting caspase activation and the production of oxygen radicals, and modulating the unfolded protein response. Decreases both striatal atrophy and apoptosis in a mouse model of Huntington’s disease. Blocks apoptotic events such as Bax translocation to mitochondrial membrane, cytochrome c release, caspase activation, and nuclear fragmentation.